Fluid engine and pump.



H. A. BULLARD.

FLUID ENGINE AND PUMP.

Patented Dea. 26, 1916,

APPLICATIGN FILED AUG4| |915.

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A TTORNE Y.

H. A. BULLARD.

FLUID ENGINE AND PUMP. APPLICATION FILED AUG.4. 1915.

Patented Des. 26, 1916.

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A TTORNEY,

H. A. BULLARD.

FLUID ENGINE AND PUMP.

APPLICATION FILED AUG-4,1915.

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rLUrn Ensim; AND PUMP.

Specication of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 26, 19in.

Application filed August 4, 1915. Serial No. 43,618.

To all inkom t may concern:

Be it known that l, HERBERT A. BULLARD, a citizen of the United Sta-tes, residing at San Francisco, in the county of San Francisco and State of California, have invented a new and useful improvement in Fluid Engines and Pumps, of which the following is a specification.

v pressure by mize bulk, weight and cost, by permitting and pulsation,

My invention relates to rotary or differential engines, in which the force of gases or liquids under pressure, acts upon radial vanes to cause rotary motive power; and in rotary or differential pumps in which rotary mechanical force actuates radial vanes for the purpose of pumping liquids or gases under various conditions and exhaust.

rlhe'general construction of a rotary or differential engine or pump, comprises a cylindrical. case with inlet and outlet, and4 supporting bearingsA with stuffing boxes, through which operates a shaft.

The objects of my improvement are, first, to minimize relative motion between the various operating parts, thereby reducing frictional losses, facilitating lubrication, and

increasing the efficiency; second, to minimize sliding contacts between the various operating parts, thereby reducing wear and tear, facilitating sealing, and preventing loss of leakage back; third, to minithe use of relatively high rotative speeds suitable for direct connection between driver and driven; fourth, to minimize vibration affording noiseless operation through well balanced rotating elements, insuring uniform flow of iuids; fth, to regulate, either arbitrarily or automatically, the point of cut off when used as a gas `lpropelled engine; or the pressure of discharge, when used as a gas compressor; and sixth, to handle thin, thick or viscous fluids, or fluids carrying much solid matter or grit. I attain these objects by the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawings...in which-- Figure 1 is an end view of a Yliquid engine, or a liquid pump with the case and one of the side plates partly broken away. Fig. 2 is an elevation and partial section, through center line, of a liquid engine or a liquid pump. Fig. 3 is an end view of a gas driven engine, or a gas pump with the case and one of the side plates partly broken away. Fig. 4,: is an elevation and'partial of head pressure.,

` solid matter.

section, through centerl line, of a gas driven engine, or a gas pump. Fig. 5v illustrates the internal parts of a liquid engine, or a liquid pump, and Fig. 6 illustrates the internal parts of a gas driven engine, or a gas pump.

Similar letters f refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

ln the construction shown in all of the several views, a rotatable carrier L with side plates M is interposed between the rotor G and the outer casing hinged'to the rotatable carrier L and operate in the rotor G through slotted hinged points N. The rotor G is caused torevolve synchronously with the rotatable carrier L and side Y plates M through any suitable means, such as shown by the arrangement of studs O attached to the plates M and passing through holes P in the rotor G. rIhe rotatable carrier L, through one of the plates M, is attached to the shaft F and revolves therewith, and the rotor G is thus caused to revolve about an eccentrically mounted bearing Q, which in Figs. l, 2 and 5 is made a part of the stationary case A.; and in Figs. 3, 4 and 6 a similar bearing V is made adjustable. about the shaft F, this being accomplished byy any suitable means such as shown, through the worm gear W and the worm X. One of the plates Mis not attached to the shaft F directly but is provided with a concentric bearing on Q or on V according to the construction used.

Referring to Fig. 5 the openings K in carrier L allow free owage of liquid to and from the pocket J vand areof fsuch a nature that an ample clearance space is afforded between the outer rim of G and the inner surface of case A; this space facilitates the handling of liquids containing grit or much Referring to Fig. 6 any variation/of the axis eccentricity as by the bearing V about the shaft F changes the point of contact between the louter rim o ner surface of carrier the points of inlet and outlet.

When operated as a gas pump, or compressor, with the parts rotating in a clockwise manner, any partial Yrotation of the bearing V in a counter direction will cause increased compression of the gas in pockets J before final discharge through ports U into the outlet chamber E. rlhis counter rotation of V, when carried to a maximum,

f rotor G and the in- L, with reference to nn sauras rn con, .t

A. The vanes i are equal in number of degrees, to that embraced by the outlet chamber E, would 'cause a maximum compression ofl the gas before discharge, and a suitable arbitrary or automatic control of the degree of rotation of V will act to regulate the pressure ofA discharge as may be found desirable to meet varying requirements. When used as a gas propelled engine, with the parts rosuitable arbitrary or automatic control of the degree of rotation of V will act to regulate the point of. cut off for the gas entering pockets J through ports U as may be found desirable to meet varying requirements.

Certain other parts of the device are the bearings B, thestufllng boxes C and the inlets D. l

In Figs. 3 and 4: a water jacket I-I is provided for cooling pu-rposes having the inlet 'R and the outlet S.

By general reference to all views it is obvious that the rotor A carrier L but about a different center, comprising a differential construction in which all sliding contact, and practically all frictional resistance between the outer ends of vanes I and the carrier L is eliminated, there I is no canting or cramping force on the vanes 30 I creating undue `.friction in the slotted hinges N, and there is no need of springs vor compensating pressureto insure non-leaking contacts. The vanes I and the side plates M revolving synchronously cause only a very slight relative motion between them, and a practically nen-leak contact is obtained due tov l spring actuated packing strip may be used for extraordinarily high pressure. To prevent leakage and consequent loss of pressure between the surfaces of the rotatable ycarrier L with the plates M and the outer case A, the latter is provided with circular grooves T whichl clearance at the Sametime preventing leakage back. r

By thus minimizing the relative' motion between the various operatingparts, the

frictional losses are greatly reduced, lubrication becomes a simple matter and the e ciency is greatly increased; wear and tear are greatly reduced, sealing is readily effected and loss of pressure through leakage back `is reduced to ay minimum. Bulk, weight and cost are reduced since relatively h1gh rotative speedscan be used for direct connectlon between driver and driven; vibration and pulsation are removed, affordlng 'nolseless operation and all'irotating elements are well balanced; a uniform flow of yfiuids results, either the point of cut olf, or the pressure vof discharge are regulatable, ld all fluids of any character may be hanc5 AIt is. manifest and possible that the contating in a counter clockwisevdirection, a

G revolves within the relatively little wear; al

' and having allow ample running through; a

struction Aherein speeied may be varied without departing Vfrom the principle ofthe 70 except 1n so far as such llmltations, `or thelr mechanical equivalents are specified in the claims.

I claimf l. A rotary engine including an inclosing case; a rotor eccentrically rotatable in said case; and a carrier interposed between said case and said rotor and-.worm mechanism for varying the axis of eccentricity of said rotor.

2. A rotary engine including an inclosing case; a rotor eccentrically rotatable in said case; a carrier interposed between said case and vsaid rotor; andvanes pivotally engaging at one end said carrier, and slidable in said rotor.

3. A rotary engine including aninclosing case; a shaft journaled axially in said case; a carrier having side plates fixed .on

ing case having inlet and outlet openings; a

i shaft journaled axially in said casing; a rocarrier mounted axially on said shaft; vanes. engaging said carrier and slidable .in said rotor; and worm mechanism for varying the axis-of eccentricity of said rotor.

5. A rotary engine including an inclosing case; a shaft journalediaxially in said case; a rotor eccentrically mounted on said shaft y transverse openings therethrough; a carrier mounted on said shaft concentric with said case; studs on* said carrier engaging said openings; and vanes entor eccentricallv mounted on said shaft; a

' gaging said carrier and slidable in said ro'- tor. v 6. A rotary engine including an inclosing case; a shaft journaled axially in said case; a rotor eccentrically mounted on said shaft and having transverse openings therecarrier mounted on said shaft concentric with said case; studs on said carrier extending through said openings;4 vanes pivoted in said carrier and extending into openings; and oscillating (packing interposed between said vanes an said rotor.

A rotary engine including an inclosing case having inlet and outlet openings; a shaft journaled axially in said case; a I'o- 125 tor eccentrically mounted on and driven by said shaft; a carrier interposed between said case and rotor and mounted on said shaft concentric with saidcase; driving means interposed between said rotor and carrier;

vanes pivoted in said 'carrier and slidable in said rotor; and means for varying the axis of eccentricty of said rotor. i 8. A rotary engine including an inclosing 5 case having inlet and outlet openings; a

shaft journaled axially in said case; a rotor mounted eccentrically on said shaft; a carrier interposed between said case and rov tor and mounted on said shaft concentric 10 with sail case, and having peripheral ports therethrough; vanes pivoted in said carrier and slidable in said rotor; and means for my hand this 28th day of July, 1915.'

` HERBERT A. BULLARD.` Witnesses:

A. J. HENRY, BALDWIN VALE.

In testimony whereof l have hereunto set 15 

